Mental health and climate change in small island developing states
This paper reviews research about mental health and wellbeing under climate change in small island developing states (SIDS).
USAID Adapt Asia-Pacific
The USAID Adapt Asia-Pacific program shared information and best practices about climate fund requirements and helped governments build capacity to access climate change adaptation finance.
Project Preparation Approach Paper
This initial approach paper of the USAID Adapt Asia-Pacific project highlights the variety of projects and readiness in each target country in Asia.
Addressing the risk of maladaptation to climate change
This paper reviews the current theoretical scholarship on maladaptation and provides some specific case studies—in the Maldives, Ethiopia, South Africa, and Bangladesh—to advance the field.
The IMPACT2C web-atlas
The IMPACT2C web-atlas summarises in maps and texts the impact of global 2°C warming on Climate, Tourism, Energy, Health, Water, Coasts, Agriculture, Forests and Ecosystems.
National Economic, Environment and Development Study (NEEDS)
National Economic, Environment and Development Study (NEEDS) for Climate Change Project
Sea-level rise in the Republic of Maldives
Small, low-lying islands have been seen as highly vulnerable to sea-level rise, particularly as many islands and remote and/or low-lying. The impacts of climate change on...
Coastal Oceans Research and Development in the Indian Ocean (CORDIO) - East Africa
Coastal Oceans Research and Development in the Indian Ocean (CORDIO) was initiated in 1999 as a response to the El-Niño related mass bleaching and mortality of corals in the Indian Ocean in 1998.
IMPACT2C
IMPACT2C enhances knowledge, quantifies climate change impacts, with climate and impacts modelling, vulnerabilities, risks and economic costs, responses, within a pan-European sector based analysis.
Mitigation: The Maldives has unconditionally committed to reducing its greenhouse gas emissions by 10% from their business as usual scenario by 2030. Conditionally, with external technical and financial support, this reduction could be increased up to 24%. Mitigation activities will focus on energy (generation and efficiency), transportation, and waste management. Adaptation: Given its vulnerability to climate change adaptation is a national priority for the Maldives. The Maldives adaptation priorities include: food security (through insurance, food storage, alternative technologies, and market mechanisms), infrastructure resilience (through improvements to existing infrastructure and integrating climate change planning into future infrastructure projects), public health (through further diseases vector monitoring and planning), enhanced water security (through desalination and improved management), coastal protection (through further investment and specific activities like land elevation and reclamation), safeguarding coral reefs and associated biodiversity (through improved management and reduced pollution), tourism (through insurance and tourism taxes), fisheries (through diversification, insurance, and encouraging the use of new techniques), and early warning and systematic observation (through strengthening the meteorological network, improving forecasting, and developing management techniques). Financing, governance, and capacity building, are critical needs and challenges across all these adaptation objectives. International Climate and Environmental Commitments: The Paris Agreement (Party), United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (Party), Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (Party), United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (Party), Convention on Biological Diversity (Party), Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (Party), Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat (Not Party)
Summary
The Maldives is a low-lying archipelago in the Indian Ocean that is profoundly and existentially threatened by climate change. Sea level rise, flooding, and coastal erosion, caused by climate change, threaten to submerge much of the Maldives' national territory. Economically the Maldives is dependent on tourism and fisheries, both of these industries are dependent on the sea and located near the coastline. This poses a significant challenge to the Maldives as the coastline hosts significant national infrastructure and is under threat from climate change. The Maldives’ vulnerability to climate change is further exacerbated by its physical isolation and limited technical and socio-economic capacity. The Maldives is also very dependent on importing fossil fuels for energy, which poses a national risk.
International Commitments and Reporting
Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs)
Nationally Determined Contribution Under the Paris Agreement - https://www4.unfccc.int/sites/NDCStaging/pages/Party.aspx?party=MDV
NDC Monitoring and Reporting
World Bank Country Factsheet on Intended NDCs - http://spappssecext.worldbank.org/sites/indc/PDF_Library/MV.pdf
World Bank’s Climate Knowledge Portal - https://climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org/country/maldives
ClimateWatch Profile - https://www.climatewatchdata.org/countries/MDV
NDC Partnership Page - http://ndcpartnership.org/countries-map/country?iso=MDV
SDG Voluntary National Review
2017 Voluntary National Review - https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/memberstates/maldives
National SDG Monitoring and Reporting
World Bank Overview - http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/maldives
UNDP's Open SDG Data Hub - http://unstats-undesa.opendata.arcgis.com/
NDCs and SDGs
Mapping of NDC-SDG Connections - https://klimalog.die-gdi.de/ndc-sdg/country/MDV
NDCs, SDGs, and Climate Change
NDC Partnership Dashboard on NDCs and relation to the SDGs and Climate Change Vulnerability - http://ndcpartnership.org/climate-watch/ndcs-sdg
Emissions Data
The Maldives does not currently have a dynamic online emissions tracking platform, but national emissions reporting can be found within this report - https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/SNC%20PDF_Resubmission.pdf
Sendai and Hyogo Frameworks
Sendai Framework Data Readiness Review Report - https://www.preventionweb.net/english/policies/v.php?id=53158&cid=106
National Progress Report on the Implementation of the Hyogo Framework for Action - https://www.preventionweb.net/english/policies/v.php?id=28967&cid=106
Disaster Management Act - http://www.lse.ac.uk/GranthamInstitute/law/disaster-management-act-2/
Strategic National Action Plan for Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation 2010-2020 - https://www.preventionweb.net/english/policies/v.php?id=60595&cid=106
National Coordination and Reporting
National Appropriate Mitigation Actions
No Action to date - https://www4.unfccc.int/sites/PublicNAMA/SitePages/Country.aspx?CountryId=106
National Action Plans
Climate Change Policy Framework - http://www.lse.ac.uk/GranthamInstitute/law/climate-change-policy-framework/
National Adaptation Plan for Action - https://www.preventionweb.net/english/policies/v.php?id=8466&cid=106
National Strategies Related to International Mechanisms
National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan - https://www.cbd.int/doc/world/mv/mv-nbsap-v2-en.pdf
National Regulations/Policies
Maldives National Strategy for Sustainable Development - http://www.lse.ac.uk/GranthamInstitute/law/maldives-national-strategy-for-sustainable-development/
Environmental Protection and Preservation Act of the Maldives - http://www.lse.ac.uk/GranthamInstitute/law/environmental-protection-and-preservation-act-of-the-maldives/
Environmental Levy (Budget Amendment) Act 2017 (No. 36 of 2017) - http://www.lse.ac.uk/GranthamInstitute/law/environmental-levy-budget-amendment-act-2017-no-36-of-2017/
Maldivian Land Act (No.1 of 2002) - http://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/en/c/LEX-FAOC090854
Regulation on the Protection and Conservation of Environment in the Tourism Industry -http://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/en/c/LEX-FAOC130850
The Green Tax - https://www.mira.gov.mv/GreenTax.aspx
Maldives National Energy Policy and Strategy - http://www.lse.ac.uk/GranthamInstitute/law/maldives-national-energy-policy-strategy/
Maldives Clean Environment Project Environmental and Social Assessment and Management Framework and Resettlement Policy Framework - http://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/en/c/LEX-FAOC172921
General Fisheries Regulations - http://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/en/c/LEX-FAOC163915
Fisheries Law of the Maldives - http://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/en/c/LEX-FAOC005337
National Water and Sewerage Policy - http://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/en/c/LEX-FAOC172497
Reviews of National Legislation and Policy
London School of Economics: National Climate Legislation - http://www.lse.ac.uk/GranthamInstitute/country-profiles/maldives
Financing
Key Areas of Climate Investment
Financing low emission transport - https://www.thegef.org/project/integrated-sustainable-and-low-emissions-transport-maldives
Financing low carbon energy systems - https://www.thegef.org/project/strengthening-low-carbon-energy-island-strategies
Financing resilience in the tourism sector - https://www.thegef.org/project/increasing-climate-change-resilience-maldives-through-adaptation-tourism-sector
Financing resilient water resource management - https://www.adaptation-fund.org/project/increasing-climate-resilience-through-an-integrated-water-resource-management-programme-in-ha-ihavandhoo-adh-mahibadhoo-and-gdh-gadhdhoo-island/
Financing responses to water shortages impacting vulnerable communities - https://www.greenclimate.fund/projects/fp007
Financing ecosystem and biodiversity conservation - https://www.thegef.org/project/atoll-ecosystem-based-conservation-globally-significant-biological-diversity-maldives-baa
Financing resilient island planning - https://www.thegef.org/project/integrating-climate-change-risks-resilient-island-planning
Financing further research into the impacts of sea-level rise - https://www.weadapt.org/placemarks/maps/view/814
Financing improvements to coastal infrastructure - https://www.isdb.org/projects/data/uid-pj0018250
National Trust Fund
Maldives Climate Change Trust Fund - http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/964101468338367790/Maldives-Climate-Change-Trust-Fund-social-assessment-and-management-framework
Selected Relevant Sources of Climate Related Funding
Climate Funds Update - https://climatefundsupdate.org/data-dashboard/#1541245745457-d3cda887-f010
OECD Climate Change - https://www.oecd.org/env/cc/
OECD Investment for Green Growth - https://www.oecd.org/environment/green.htm
Climate Investment Funds - https://www.climateinvestmentfunds.org/country/maldives
Asian Development Bank Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management - https://www.adb.org/themes/climate-change-disaster-risk-management/main
Multilateral Funders
The Maldives receives climate funding from the World Bank, the Green Climate Fund, the Adaptation Fund, the Global Climate Change Alliance, the Scaling up Renewable Energy Program, the Least Developed Countries Fund, the Islamic Development Bank, and the Global Environment Facility, among others.
Vulnerability Assessment and Adaptation Planning
Vulnerability/Adaptation Capacity Data
Notre Dame's Global Adaptation Initiative Vulnerability/Readiness Climate Change Index - https://gain.nd.edu/our-work/country-index/
Environmental Performance Index - https://epi.envirocenter.yale.edu/
Natural Disaster/Hazards
PreventionWeb - https://www.preventionweb.net/english/countries/asia/mdv
Energy Supply and Demand
Renewable Energy Roadmap for the Republic of the Maldives - https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Events/2015/Sep/17/IRENA_Maldives_renewable_energy_roadmap.pdf?la=en&hash=5FE4F9F2D9E164442394C7A3217ECE8AB25A26C5
Renewable energy technologies in the Maldives: determining the potential - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/222402602_Renewable_energy_technologies_in_the_Maldives-determining_the_potential
Land Use
Global Forest Resources Assessment 2015 - http://www.fao.org/3/a-az267e.pdf
Maldives Forestry Outlook Study - http://www.fao.org/3/a-am248e.pdf
Maldives Land Use Map - https://www.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=6ba34d6acc0344ecb88e673efcbbd577
Economic Development/Quality of Life and Livelihoods
Country gender assessment of agriculture and the rural sector in Maldives - http://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/CA6071EN
Sustainable Management of the Bay of Bengal Large Marine Ecosystem (BOBLME) Programme - http://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/CA2191EN
Resources and livelihoods of the Maldives islanders Introduction: Islands of Maldives - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326405565_Resources_and_livelihoods_of_the_Maldives_islanders_Introduction_Islands_of_Maldives
Summaries of Programming and Priorities
Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment in the Maldives' Second National Communication - https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/SNC%20PDF_Resubmission.pdf
Review of Current and Planned Adaptation Action - https://www.preventionweb.net/english/policies/v.php?id=25721&cid=106
Case Studies
weADAPT Case Studies
weADAPT Entries - https://www.weadapt.org/case-studies?keyword=maldives
Climate and Development Network Country Page
Climate and Development Network Resources - https://cdkn.org/regions/maldives
Islamic Development Bank Reports
IsDB Country Page - https://www.isdb.org/maldives
Climate, Climate Change, and Environmental Data
Natural Disaster/Hazards Data
ThinkHazard - http://thinkhazard.org/en/report/154-maldives
Energy Supply and Demand Data
Renewable Energy Mapping - http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/countrySearch/?countryCode=MDV
Land Use Data
FAOStat - http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/
Weather/Meteorological Data
World Meteorological Organization Profile - https://www.wmo.int/cpdb/maldives
Country tags
Curated or Automatic
